Yeah, that folder is a bit special... Basically Steam Cloud has two different methods through which it can function:
- Steam Auto-Cloud
- Steam Cloud API
Steam Auto-Cloud means the Steam client syncs files and folders from another location on the computer, both before and after a game have been played. This is the more common mode of operation and means that the game uses a "normal" location to store its saves, e.g. Documents\My Games\<game-name> or elsewhere.
- For games that use Steam Auto-Cloud, they use the <Steam-folder>/userdata/<user-id>/238010/remote/ folder to hold locally cached copies of the synced files from the cloud -- basically separate copies of the save files of the game that the game itself does not know about nor care about.
The other mode of operations, Steam Cloud API, means that the game directly interfaces with the Steam client and saves/loads files through the Steam client itself, and at no point is the game itself actually creating or reading files anywhere on the disk -- it's all the Steam client's doing.
What Steam Cloud API means, however, is that the files below <Steam-folder>/userdata/<user-id>/238010/remote/ are the local save files. There are no other copies of the files anywhere else on the disk -- those are the only ones.
Occasionally users might confuse these two with one another, and think that the folder <Steam-folder>/userdata/<user-id>/238010/remote/ holds the actual save files that the game makes use of. This is however only true if the game makes use of the Steam Cloud API. For games using Steam Auto-Cloud, the actual save files are stored elsewhere.
It's often possible to identify what type of Steam Cloud a game uses through the SteamDB website: