Anonymous edits have been disabled on the wiki. If you want to contribute please login or create an account.

Warning for game developers: PCGamingWiki staff members will only ever reach out to you using the official press@pcgamingwiki.com mail address.
Be aware of scammers claiming to be representatives or affiliates of PCGamingWiki who promise a PCGW page for a game key.

Difference between revisions of "Glossary:High dynamic range (HDR)"

From PCGamingWiki, the wiki about fixing PC games
(More accurate explanation, VESA cert, link to in-depth article, minor typos fixed)
Line 4: Line 4:
  
 
'''Key points'''
 
'''Key points'''
−
{{++}} Expanded color space allows for more vibrant colors and greater contrast in supported games on HDR-compatible displays.
+
{{++}} Expanded dynamic range allows for more vibrant colors and greater contrast in supported games on HDR-compatible displays.
 
{{--}} Not always supported in new games.
 
{{--}} Not always supported in new games.
  
 
'''General information'''
 
'''General information'''
 
{{mm}} [[Wikipedia:High-dynamic-range video|High dynamic range]] at Wikipedia
 
{{mm}} [[Wikipedia:High-dynamic-range video|High dynamic range]] at Wikipedia
 +
{{mm}} [https://www.lightillusion.com/uhdtv.html In-depth UHDTV (HDR and WCG) explanation]
  
−
==HDR Display==
 
−
'''High Dynamic Range Display''' or '''High dynamic range''' is a technology that enables the monitor to display image with a greater range of colors. This is done, by extending the color range from standard 8-bits per color to 10-bits per color or more (similar to a way it was extended between High color and True Color). This technology requires both software, hardware and a monitor capable rendering and displaying with an image increased amount of colors. Because of that, many games (mostly released before 2016) are incapable of rendering and outputting HDR image. According to '''Ultra HD Alliance''' announced their certification, HDR displays must have either a peak brightness of over 1000 cd/m2 and a black level less than 0.05 cd/m2 (a contrast ratio of at least 20,000:1) or a peak brightness of over 540 cd/m2 and a black level less than 0.0005 cd/m2 (a contrast ratio of at least 1,080,000:1).
 
  
 
==HDR Rendering==
 
==HDR Rendering==
−
'''High-dynamic-range rendering''' (HDRR, HDR rendering or high-dynamic-range lighting), is the rendering of computer graphics scenes by using lighting calculations done in high dynamic range (HDR). This allows preservation of details that may be lost due to limiting contrast ratios, by mimicking the way cameras and even eyes handle light exposure. It is especially helpful when rendering scenes with multi-layer surfaces, especially when the surface is using normal and specular maps or even highly reflective surfaces (like the water), which can not be rendered correctly in Standard Dynamic Range. <ref name="hl2lostcoast">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wpk7x9ykVJg Half-Life 2: Lost Coast Developer Commentary]</ref> Another important area where HDRR is useful are exceptionally dark and exceptionally bright areas as well as transitions between them. Using a dynamic tonemapping, HDRR can adjusts the exposure of a scene based on the amount of light in the scene, to simulate camera adjusting to the light.<ref name="hl2lostcoast" /> '''The games that use HDRR doesn't necessarily output the image in HDR Display compatible range.'''
+
'''High-dynamic-range rendering''' (HDRR, HDR rendering or high-dynamic-range lighting), is the process of generating computer graphics scenes using lighting calculations done in high dynamic range (HDR). This allows preservation of details that may be lost due to limiting contrast ratios, by mimicking the way cameras and even eyes handle light exposure. It is especially helpful when rendering scenes with multi-layer surfaces, especially when the surface is using normal and specular maps or even highly reflective surfaces (like the water), which can not be rendered correctly in Standard Dynamic Range. <ref name="hl2lostcoast">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wpk7x9ykVJg Half-Life 2: Lost Coast Developer Commentary]</ref>
 +
 
 +
Another important area where HDRR is useful are exceptionally dark and exceptionally bright areas as well as transitions between them. Using a dynamic tone-mapping, HDRR can adjust the exposure of a scene based on the amount of light in it to simulate a camera lens adjusting to the light.<ref name="hl2lostcoast" /> But the games rendering in HDR don't necessarily output that image in HDR Display compatible range. Due to technical limitations they had to map that vastly bigger dynamic range back onto what consumer displays commonly support. Since the introduction of HDR displays this is theoretically not necessary anymore.
 +
 
 +
==HDR output on a HDR display==
 +
'''High Dynamic Range output''' or '''High Dynamic Range''' is a technology that first and foremost enables a screen to display an image at a much greater range of contrast. In practice this usually goes hand in hand with an increased color bit depth from standard 8-bits per color to 10-bits per color or more. In any case, both the software, graphics card (incl. driver), connection and display need to support this technology in order to actually be able to put a HDR image onto a HDR display.
 +
 
 +
According to the Ultra HD Alliance's '''UHD Premium''' certification, HDR displays must have either a peak brightness of over 1000 cd/m² and a black level less than 0.05 cd/m2 (a contrast ratio of at least 20,000:1) or a peak brightness of over 540 cd/m² and a black level less than 0.0005 cd/m² (a contrast ratio of at least 1,080,000:1).
 +
 
 +
More recently VESA has published a certification of its own, called '''[https://displayhdr.org/ DisplayHDR]''', breaking the market down into 3 segments of 400, 600 and 1000cd/m² required max brightness by the display among other details.
  
 
{{References}}
 
{{References}}

Revision as of 18:53, 27 January 2018

This page is a stub: it lacks content and/or basic article components. You can help to expand this page by adding an image or additional information.

Graphics and video

Resolutions

Video settings

Hardware

For a list of games, see List of games that support high dynamic range.


Key points

Expanded dynamic range allows for more vibrant colors and greater contrast in supported games on HDR-compatible displays.
Not always supported in new games.

General information

High dynamic range at Wikipedia
In-depth UHDTV (HDR and WCG) explanation


HDR Rendering

High-dynamic-range rendering (HDRR, HDR rendering or high-dynamic-range lighting), is the process of generating computer graphics scenes using lighting calculations done in high dynamic range (HDR). This allows preservation of details that may be lost due to limiting contrast ratios, by mimicking the way cameras and even eyes handle light exposure. It is especially helpful when rendering scenes with multi-layer surfaces, especially when the surface is using normal and specular maps or even highly reflective surfaces (like the water), which can not be rendered correctly in Standard Dynamic Range. [1]

Another important area where HDRR is useful are exceptionally dark and exceptionally bright areas as well as transitions between them. Using a dynamic tone-mapping, HDRR can adjust the exposure of a scene based on the amount of light in it to simulate a camera lens adjusting to the light.[1] But the games rendering in HDR don't necessarily output that image in HDR Display compatible range. Due to technical limitations they had to map that vastly bigger dynamic range back onto what consumer displays commonly support. Since the introduction of HDR displays this is theoretically not necessary anymore.

HDR output on a HDR display

High Dynamic Range output or High Dynamic Range is a technology that first and foremost enables a screen to display an image at a much greater range of contrast. In practice this usually goes hand in hand with an increased color bit depth from standard 8-bits per color to 10-bits per color or more. In any case, both the software, graphics card (incl. driver), connection and display need to support this technology in order to actually be able to put a HDR image onto a HDR display.

According to the Ultra HD Alliance's UHD Premium certification, HDR displays must have either a peak brightness of over 1000 cd/m² and a black level less than 0.05 cd/m2 (a contrast ratio of at least 20,000:1) or a peak brightness of over 540 cd/m² and a black level less than 0.0005 cd/m² (a contrast ratio of at least 1,080,000:1).

More recently VESA has published a certification of its own, called DisplayHDR, breaking the market down into 3 segments of 400, 600 and 1000cd/m² required max brightness by the display among other details.


References